A lot will depend on your motherboard specs and how the ports are divided up. If you wanted to maximize throughput though, you would want to get rid of your USB 2.0 hub and get one or more USB 3.1 hubs. These will generally have USB 3.0 ports for the outputs (the connection to the computer, or "upstream" port is USB 3.1). Motherboards usually have 2 or more USB controllers. For reasons I don't fully understand, one is almost always an Intel controller, and the ports run by that are the most reliable. Then they'll have a second controller, made by Via or some other brand, that control other ports. Sometimes the USB 2.0 are on one controller, USB 3.0 or 3.1 on the other; it might have a special provision for 3.1 that is separate, etc. In the BIOS, newer MOBOs can have a setting to enable a charging capability, which allows the USB 3.0 or 3.1 port or ports to supply increased current on their 5 volt supply, for charging phones or even tablets. The following explains what USB types are capable of in terms of data transfer, and power supplying abilities:
USB 2.0: 0.48 Gb/s (480 Mb/s) ; +5 Vdc @ 0.5 A (500 mA)
USB 3.0: 4.8 Gb/s (4,800 Mb/s); +5 Vdc @ 0.9 A (900 mA) , or 1.5 A (1,500 mA) in charging mode
USB 3.1: 10 Gb/s (10,000 Mb/s); +5 Vdc @ 1.5 A (1,500 mA) , or 3.0 A (3,000 mA) in charging mode
Any hub that you buy that is powered (that is, has it's own power supply, as opposed to using the power supplied by the computer through the USB port), is generally capable of running more devices without causing a problem by having the devices draw too much current. Of course it all depends on what devices you have connected; if the device uses a USB 2.0 plug, you can bet it will draw less than 0.5 A, sometimes a good bit less. Still, as in your case, having 7 devices connected might well have stressed the power supply enough to cause a device to not work. My opinion is that is probably what happened in your case....even a powered hub's power supply has it's limits.
In any case, it's usually better to connect a device directly to a port on your computer, if you have enough. In that case, the power requirement and data throughput will be guaranteed to be met. But if you're connecting a lot of USB 2.0 devices to a 3.1 hub (with 3.0 outputs), there is little chance there will be any problem with data transfer, especially when you're talking about game controllers, keyboards, mice, etc., as opposed to things like flash drives or external SSD's or HDD's, etc. The latter are of far more concern if you're looking for maximum data transfer rates (bandwidth).
Don't forget there is another option as opposed to using a hub. You could install an add-in card that could provide more USB ports, in many cases up to four. These can be found in PCI-e X1 interface, with USB 2.0 or 3.0 outputs. These can have the advantage of being able to supply power from a separate power output from your computer's power supply (not through the card slot) via a separate power input to the card inside the case; and they use their own USB controller. I believe the maximum data rate for PCIe X1 is 8 Gb/s, so not enough for USB 3.1, but certainly enough for game controllers, etc. Before buying one of those though, you have to carefully make sure you have a slot available on your MOBO that is not physically covered up in some way, or also will not, if used, cause a downgrade in speed to any of your other PCIe slots (especially X16 slots). This will generally not be a problem if you use a X1 slot, but can be if you install the card in a long slot (X4/X8/X16 slot).
One other thing to remember is that it's best to not use excessively long USB cables or extensions. These can cause data transfer rate degradations or voltage drops that can cause your device to work intermittently or stop working. Those won't be a problem if connected directly to a dedicated port, or one on a powered hub.
Here's an example of a powered hub that would probably offer good speed and reliability. You get what you pay for. My first choice would be to try to do it without using hubs, unless absolutely necessary. Powered hub This particular example would connect to your USB type C port. You should be able to find a model that uses a USB 3.1 type A plug, or you could simply use an adapter cable.
S!
